Apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes.



c. L. CARLSON & G. BERGSTHD M.

APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE DIRECTION OF BORE HOLES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I2. I915.

1,239,351 Patented Sept. 4,1917.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARL LORENS CARLSON AND GUNNAR BERGSTROM, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, AS-

SIGNORS TO SVENSKA DIAMANTBE HOLM, SWEDEN, A CORPORATION OFRGBORRNINGSAKTIEBOLAGET, OF STOCK- SWEDEN.

APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE DIRECTION OF BORE-HOLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 131 7.

Application filed November 12, 1915. Serial No. 61,125.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CARL LORENS CARL- SON and GUNNAR BERosTRoM,subjects of the King of Sweden, and both residents of Stockholm, Sweden,have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Ascertainingthe Direction of Bore-Holes, of which the following is a specification.

In deep-drilling it happens frequently that the drill does not maintainits desired straight-lined direction but deviates therefrom to a greateror minor extent. Such a deviation may be caused for instance by thedrill passing rocks of different hardness, by fissures occurring in therocks, etc. If the object of the drilling is to ascertain the positionof metallic veins or other minerals, such a deviation may be ofconsiderable inconvenience, and owing thereto it is of importance, thatan investigation can be effected to find whether and in what directionas well as to which extent the deviation has taken place.

This invention relates to apparatus for ascertaining the direction ofbore-holes illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a longitudinal section showing the tubes and recording pointers to beattached to the drill guide.

Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section, showing the connection of two drillguide sections with the plate 0 inserted therein.

An object of the invention is to provide such an a )paratus, by means ofwhich deviations o a bore-hole can be registered and measured.

Another object of the invention is to devise an apparatus of this type,by means of which the inclination of the apparatus relatively to theperpendicular at the point,

where the measuring is effected, can be reg-' spectively between theouter ends of the said wires or strings. Further, the shell contamspistons adapted to reciprocate therein and, by means of hydraulicpressure created in the drill-guide, to move against the points of thepointers, so as to register the deviation of the pointers. Finally, theapparatus is provided with a receptacle containing an etching liquid orwith a pendulum or a plumb bob, the deviation of which is registered inany manner similar to the registration of the deviations of thepointers.

A specific embodiment of the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawing showing a longitudinal section of the apparatus.

In the construction shown, 1 denotes a tubular shell adapted to beinserted as a length of a drill-guide g and, preferably, of the samewidth as the tube of the drill-guide, so that it may be screwed inbetween two sections of the drill-guide. The shell 1 contains two innertubes 2 and 3, and passed through the outer end-walls 4 and 5respectively of said tubes 2 and 3 are two pointers 6 and 7 respectivelyeach provided at the passage through the end wall with a ball and socketjoint, which enables the pointers to be swung in any direction and atthe same time presents a tight fit. The outer end of each pointer 6, 7is connected with one end of stretched wires or strings 8 and 9respectively, the other ends of which are secured to central holders orplates 0 inserted in joints of the drill-guide g at a suitable distancefrom the point at which the apparatus is inserted in said drill-guide,say 5 meters, so that the distance between the outer ends of the wiresor strings amounts to about 10 meters. Inserted in the ends of the tubes2 and 3 facing each other are tightly fitting pistons 10 and 11 forcedby springs 12 and 13 respectively in the direction out of the ends ofthe tubes 2 and 3 respectively, so that the pistons 10, 11 first by theaction of a certain high pressure on the outer ends of the pistons willmove inwardly in the tubes. The inner end surfaces of said pistons areprovided with-a suitable coating, as for instance a lead plate 14 and 15respectively, in which an impression is made by the point of thecorresponding pointer 6 and 7, when the piston is moved inwardly in thetube on account of the hydraulic pressure mentioned. Further, each ofthe pistons 10 and 11 is provided with a guiding pin or the like 16 and17 respectively adapted to slide in a slot formed in corresponding tubes2 and 3 and preventing the pistons from turning in the tubes.

Connected with the pointer 7 is a sleeve 18 inclosing a glass tube 19,which contains an etching liquid, for instance diluted hydrofluoricacid, said liquid effecting, when the apparatus is kept in a certainposition for a long time, an etching of the glass, so that the positionoccupied by the apparatus during said time in relation to theperpendicular can be ascertained. Preferably, the pointer 7 is somounted, that it cannot turn about its longitudinal axis relatively tothe tube 3. Between the tubes 2 and 3 on the one hand and theshell 1 onthe other hand channels a, 0, are provided, which convey water admittedthereto through the apertures 21 and 22, ,and thence to the shell intothe space 20 between the outer ends of the pistons 10, 11.

When using the apparatus described, the direction of the bore-hole isascertained step by step commencing at the uppermost portion thereof,the direction of which is known. The apparatus together with itsstretching wires is inserted in the drill-guide and carried down withthe latter into the bore-hole so far that the upper wire will besituated in the portion thereof, the direction of which is known. If thecontinuation of thebore-hole deviates from said direction, thedrill-guide is curved correspondingly. The stretching wires 8, 9 do notfollow this curvature, but each of them together with the correspondingpointer maintains the straight direction. On account of the curvature,however,-the two wires together with the pointers do not remain in thesame straight line, but form an angle with each other.

For the purpose of registering this angle,

the drill-guide is filled with water, and by applying a high pressure tothe water at the mouth of the drill-guide, the pistons 10, 11 may beactuated by hydraulic pressure so as to move inwardly, the points 6, 7thereby making an impression in the plates 14 and 15 respectively. Bymeasuring the positions of'said impressions one will be able, knowingthe dimensions of the apparatus, to calculate the angle formed by thestretching wires in the bore-hole and, consequently, to

ascertain the magnitude of the deviation of the bore-hole at the lowerpart thereof in relation to the known upper part. In order to ascertainthe absolute direction of the said lower part of the bore-hole, also aknowledge of the inclination of said direction relatively to theperpendicular is necessary. Said inclination is obtained by means of theetched tube 18, in which the surface of the liquid always is horizontal,so that the inclination of the axis of the tube in relation to thesurface of the liquid, i. e. the horizontal plane, may be ascertained bymeans of the etched surface. By further comparing the position of theupper edge of the etched surface with the position of the impression inthe lead plate 15, one will be able to calculate the absolute directionof the bore-hole along the length of the wire 9. In the subsequentmeasurement the same method is reiterated, the part previously measurednow constituting the known length according to which the followinglength is ascertained.

Of course, the whole bore-hole may also be measured all at Once and thenthe directions of the. diiferent lengths be calculated, commencing withthe uppermost known length. Thus, several lengths of hole may bemeasured simultaneously by inserting in the drill-guide consecutiveapparatus of the kind described, in which case the stretching wires areto be stretched between the pointers belonging to adjacent apparatus anddirected toward each other.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprisinga shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide,

pointers pivotally mounted in said shell, stretching means connectingeach of said pointers with a point of the drill-guide situated at adistance from the apparatus, and members provided in the shell andadapted to be moved toward the pointers, so as to receive impressions ofthe same. i

2. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprisinga shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide, pointers pivotallymounted in said shell, stretching means connecting each of said pointerswith a point of the drill-guide situated at a distancefromthe apparatus,and members provided in. the shell and adapted to be moved by means ofhydraulic pressure toward the points of the pointers, so as to receiveimpressions of the same.

3. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprisinga shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide,

pointers pivotally mounted in said shell a stretching means connectingeach of said pointers with a point of the drill-guide situated at adistance from the apparatus, members provided in the shell and adaptedto be moved toward the pointers, so as to receive impressions of thesame, and means for registering the position of the apparatus inrelation to the perpendicular at the place of measuring in thebore-hole.

5. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, cOmpIiSinga shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide, pointers pivotallymounted in said shell, stretching means connecting each of said pointerswith a point of the drill-guide situated at a distance from theapparatus, members provided in the shell and adapted to be moved bymeans of hydraulic pressure toward the points of the pointers, so as toreceive impressions of the same, and means for registering the positionof the apparatus in relation to the perpendicular at the place ofmeasuring in the bore-hole.

6. An apparatus for ascertaining the direction of bore-holes, comprisinga shell adapted to be inserted in a drill-guide, pointers pivotallymounted in said shell a wire connecting each of said pointers wlth apoint of the drill-guide situated at a distance from the apparatus,pistons provided in the shell and adapted to be moved by means ofhydraulic pressure toward the points of the pointers, so as to receiveimpressions of the same, and a glass tube secured to one of the pointersand containing a glass etching liquid.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names in presence of twosubscribing Witnesses.

CARL LORENS CARLSON. GUNNAR BERGSTROMQ Witnesses:

JOHN DELMAR, K. E. 'WIBERG.

